Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in patients of a kangaroo mother program in Popayán-Colombia. Retrospective cohort study
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Abstract
Kangaroo-Mother Care (KMC) is a follow-up program for premature infants with comorbidities such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The objective was to characterize patients with BPD and describe their nutritional, neurological, and respiratory outcomes in a KMC. A retrospective cohort study of the KMC in a University Hospital between 2015-2018. Included patients with BPD and excluded major malformations. Nutritional, neurological, and respiratory outcomes were evaluated at 40 weeks, 6, and 12 months of corrected-age using scales recommended in Colombia. A descriptive analysis was carried out, the variables were compared according to the severity of BPD. The changes in the outcomes in patients with complete follow-up were evaluated. 490 patients were admitted in four years, 50 with BPD (10,2%); 58% with moderate-BPD, none with severe BPD. 46% were born at <29 weeks of gestational-age, 96% had low socioeconomic status and 90% and 90% of these submitted to mechanical ventilation. In the follow-up, height-for-age remained at risk at 6 and 12 months. 98% had abnormal Amiel-Tisson test. Around 75% had respiratory symptoms between 6 and 12 months and 33% had at least one hospital readmission. Patients with BPD in KMC have alterations in height-for-age, neurodevelopment, and respiratory system when complete the follow-up.
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