Probióticos para la prevención y tratamiento de la mucositis oral en quimioterapia y radioterapia: una meta-revisión

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Jaime Plazas-Román
Mauricio Guerrero-Román
Gennys Gutiérrez-Ramírez
Lenin Torres-Osorio
Antonio Díaz-Caballero

Resumen

Introducción: la mucositis oral es una complicación frecuente y dolorosa del tratamiento oncológico que afecta significativamente la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Objetivo: determinar la eficacia de los probióticos en la prevención y tratamiento de la mucositis oral en pacientes con cáncer sometidos a quimioterapia y/o radioterapia. Método: se realizó una meta-revisión siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. Se buscaron artículos publicados entre 2019 y 2024 en cuatro bases de datos. Resultados: los probióticos redujeron significativamente la incidencia de mucositis oral (RR = 0,84) y mucositis oral severa (RR = 0,65). Los probióticos multi-cepa fueron más efectivos que los de cepa única, con mayor eficacia observada en poblaciones asiáticas. Conclusiones: los probióticos son una estrategia prometedora para prevenir y tratar la mucositis oral en pacientes con cáncer, mostrando una reducción significativa en su incidencia y gravedad. Se necesitan más estudios para optimizar la selección de cepas, establecer dosis y duraciones óptimas, y entender los mecanismos de acción en diversas poblaciones y tipos de cáncer.

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Plazas-Román, J., Guerrero-Román, M., Gutiérrez-Ramírez, G., Torres-Osorio, L., & Díaz-Caballero, A. (2024). Probióticos para la prevención y tratamiento de la mucositis oral en quimioterapia y radioterapia: una meta-revisión. Duazary, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.21676/2389783X.6099
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Jaime Plazas-Román, Universidad del Sinú Elías Bechara Zainúm, Seccional Cartagena,

Odontólogo Universidad de Cartagena. MSc en Bioinformática Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar. Especialista en Odontopediatría y Ortopedia maxilar Universidad de Cartagena. Docente Universidad del Sinú Elías Bechara Zainúm, Seccional Cartagena, Docente Universidad de Cartagena. Docente Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez.

Mauricio Guerrero-Román, Universidad del Sinú Elías Bechara Zainúm, Seccional Cartagena

 Médico Universidad del Norte. Especialista en Pediatría Universidad de Cartagena. Director Postgrado de Pediatría Universidad del Sinú - Elías Bechara Zainúm, Cartagena. Presidente Sociedad Colombiana de Pediatría

Gennys Gutiérrez-Ramírez, Universidad del Sinú Elías Bechara Zainúm, Seccional Cartagena

Médico Universidad del Sinú, EBZ, Cartagena. Escuela de medicina. Programa de Pediatría. Universidad del Sinú - Elías Bechara Zainúm, Cartagena, Colombia.

Lenin Torres-Osorio, Universidad del Sinú Elías Bechara Zainúm, Seccional Cartagena

Odontólogo Universidad de Cartagena. Magister en Bioinformática Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar. Especialista en Estomatología y cirugía oral Universidad de Cartagena. Docente Escuela de Odontología, Universidad del Sinú - Elías Bechara Zainúm, Cartagena, Colombia. Docente Universidad de Cartagena.

Antonio Díaz-Caballero, Universidad de Cartagena

Odontólogo Universidad de Cartagena. Ph.D. en Ciencias Biomédicas. Especialista en Periodoncia, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Magister en Educación, Universidad Del Norte. Profesor Universidad de Cartagena. Líder del grupo de investigación GITOUC.

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